Motor



3 SHEET SHEET 1.

W. I. IVIACKLE.

MOTOR.v man mm1, 1919.

Feb. 13, 1923.

W. J. MACKLE.

Feb. 13, 1923.

MOTOR.

yFILES APR.17,1919.

Feb. 13, 1923. 1,445,33?. W. l. MACKLE. MOTOR.

FILED APR. 17, 1919. 3 SHEETS-SHET 3- vwhich air or steam tire power, inediti Patented heb lfd,

tliltillfl@ WILLIAM J. inserita, or se?. Louis,

LL'ISSGURI.

vMOTOR.

Application sied sp1-i1 17, i919,

To all 107mmt may concern.'

Be it lnownthat l, W/ILLIAM J. Miionnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Louis, Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Motors, of which the following" is a t'ull, deur, and exact description, suchy as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to malte and use the saine, reference being had .to the acconipanying` drawings, Vforming `part orn this specification, in which` y Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view through my improved motor.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view on line 2-2 ofligure l looking' in the direction of the arrow.

`liligure 3 is a cross-sectional view on line 3`3 of .Figure l. y

Figure d is a detail view of .several of the parts associated with the rocking valve.

Figure 5 is a sectional view througliy a portion oi the cain plate operated by the piston for rocking the valve.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the piston.

Figure 7 is a sectional view of one of the valve rocking plates with which the piston co-operates.

Figure 8 is an enlarged sectional View througlithe valve mechanism.

This invention Vrelates to a new and useful improvement in motors for drills, but is adapted tor use in connectioon with automobiles and stationary power plants. The objects ot' the present invention are to simplify the construction and cheapen the vcost of Y production per rated horsepower and to enable the device to readilyrepaired. l

In the drawings, I have shown my iniproved motor as adaptedvto use as a drill in may be used as the mobe easily assembled and ons the motor can be adapted -for iving automobiles or as a stationary use in or engine. l indicates a tlanged cylinder, preferably in the form oit a casting having a valve chamber 2 located to one side thereof and which communicates with the bore ot Cylinder l by inea-ins of suitable openings constituting ports in which operate parts of the valve-operating mechanisinl l is thefront cylinder head. having a threaded boss to which are secured packing nuts for packing the rotatableliollow shaft 6 and providing application and it is obvious that with slight `cylinder inthe ends 'the 'heads of the valve stems 29, the heads of gated openings Y `ent longitudinal movement of each of said stems relative to ated openings chainb serial No. 290,800. f

a bearing for the front end thereof. This casting l extends up to include the valve casing and is provided with an opening' in which is arrangedua hollow valve cap 7 through the opening in which passes the ei:- haust from the front end of the cylinder. 8 is a rear cylinder head having a similar eX- tension for receiving a hollow valve cap 9 through the opening in which exhaust passes from'the rearend of t-he cylinder.

l0 is a hollow piston rod mounted upon the shaft 6, which shaft- 6 may be designated as the driving' shaft, the sleeve or hollow piston rod l0 `being designed to slide longitudinally upon the driving shaft 6 while the latter rotates. ll is a piston head secured in a suitable mounting, preferably by a threaded connection, to the forward end ot `the hollow piston rod l0, said piston head having the usual packing' rings l2. The piston comprising the head and hollow rod l0 are intended to reciprocate within cylinder l and passing' through the packing nut mountedon the rear cylinder head 8, the pistonrod l0 extends into a chamber formed by acylinder 13 secured to the rear cylinder head 6. This cylinder 13 is closed at its rear end byvmeans of a head 14 and is eX- teriorly threaded to accommodate a capped sleeve l5 having handles 16 by which the drill may be fed, as when boring through 'metal and thepoint at the rear end of the cap piece is placed under al lazy mani l do not. deein it necessary in the present to disclose the operation of this feeding mechanism as thesame is disclosed in Patent No. 1,369,256 granted to me Febwhat is known as ruary 22, 1921 `Chamber `2 is connected manner to a source ot air n yin any suitable or steam supply .and located within said chamber is a rocking valve.. parts of which are best shown in Figure 4C. 28 Vindicates an open ended ofl which are arranged said valve stemshaving longitudinally elonto permit a slight independtheir supporting connecting niember 28;' ilhe cylinder 28 is provided with openings registering with the elonginthe heads of the valve stems and through'these openings are passed pins 30, 'see Figure 3, which pins extend up into ers arranged abovethe valve casing and having'seatsorsaddles formed in their' upperfends for receiving the locking member or' a spring follower 31. co-operating with a spring` 32 bearing against a semisplierioal rocker 33 seated in a cap piece arranged in an extension ot the valve cha1nber, -as shown in Figure 3. The purpose or' this construction is to cause the cylinder QS, when it is rocked past a position of deadcenter, fto be carried the iremain'der .ot its rocking movement under the impelling 1aetion of springs 3Q, or' which there are two, as shown in Figure 1, arranged at each end or cylinder 2S so that theirfcombined action on cylinder QS Willbe exerted with the `least possible torsional strain `on the cylinder 'which is thus substantially balanced. VThe cap pieces 34 -are `formed with recesses in which the upper ends ol' rods connected to .the .springseats 3:1 yand which lslide through the semisph'erioal 'heads' 33, may 'operate "as the cylinder is rocked from one fpositifonto another` The are otmovement is :slight but in the position of deadcenter thevrlods project slightly above the semispherieal-spring seats 83 and the space in the cap pieees34 `is provided to accommodate this projection of the rod through the spring seats 38 The bore of the valve chamber 2 is slightly| enlarged at each endto receiveandlseat `valve seats 35 against the 1inner faeesro'f which 'operate fthe intake valves 36. These intake valves are provided with "projections 36u', see Figures 4 and'8, whic'hoperate'innotches 28 in cylinder 28 there being "sulieie'nt space in said notches `to permit of ylost motion so that the valves 36 are only operated -a short distance near ythe `end 4ofthe movement of Vcylinder E28. The cylinder 2,8 is spaced. apart `from the valve easing by means 'oi lugs lb andthe heads on ythe ends ot the valve stems 29 bear against the `lugs MS56, there being a spring 37 located between said heads so asto Ytorce a o'hamerenad shoulder on the valve stem against "the valve seats 35 tending .to press `them outwardly or away from each other. `mt vard pressure is resisted by a sleeve 38 which kis located between the valve seats 35 (for- .the intake valves) and the valve s eatsgfy (ortheeirhaast). rEhese valve :seats 3,9 arehel'd in position by the piston heads-'4and 8, respectively, together with their valve fcap, 7 and 9. The valve seats .39.' are ,-provided vvith blind bearings in vvhichltheouter endsofthe valve stems 29 are seated, the valve stems providing 'a Vmount for the exhaust valves 40 which bear against the seats 39. These `valves 40 are provided with lugs 40@ between which are looatedroclr arms 4lj (see Figures and 4) the lower ends otsaid rock arms being birurcated or forked Yfor (purposes to be hereinafter described. `The upper side orA valve 40V is provided With-fa lug lor projeeton 0b @per-atlas a a revocare `,n/tbe aspline, (see Figure l) 4the prongs of the of .the cam faces 1l yand as the piston is held :rock-er arms 41 on a'valve said valve stem to be rocked and with it operated to sleeve-38 to limit or determine the oscillat ing movement ot valve 4() so as to insure proper' registration of its openings with the openings in the valve seat 39 and also the 'proper closure thereof. A pin 42 serving as holds the valve seats B9 in proper position.

45-indicates rocker plates ar 1anged at-each end of the cylinder l, (see Figures l and 2) which rocker plates are provided with project-ions 45a which enter the space between valve rocking arms 41.,.said arms being pinned or otherwise fastened to plate is also provided with a cam liace 45b forming one Wall of an opening or recess therein with which cam face (zo-operates a c ain projection 112L on the piston head. There are tour cam faces on the rocher plates with Which the four cam projections 1l"qu cof-operate. The operation or the vvalve mechanism is as follows:

As the `piston reciprocates rearwardly one carried thereby will on the rocker platet against rotary movement by the cross-head .19, the rocher plate 45 will be operated so that the linger 45L thereof engaging one of the biturcated stem will cause engage a cam face 45b the. sleeve 28. lVhen one or the rocher arms 41 is operated by finger 451L of a corresponding rocker plate 45, a corresponding en Ahaust `valve 40 and a corresponding valve 4stem 29 `'are operated. The enlarged ends of valve stems 29 being seated Within each yend el? sleeve 28 and operatively connected thereto by pins-30, sleeve 28 will be rocked at every operation of: either one of said rocker 'arms to aetuate intake valves 36 sinmltaneously with the positioning` oiA ez;- haust valves 40.

Thus, when one of the rocker arms 4l is operated "to exhaust cylinder l, the corresponding exhaust valve 40 is positioned so as to have its ports in register with the ports on the stationary seat 89, whereby the luid can pass from that end or the cylinder lthrough the aligned ports or exhaust valve v4() and seat39 and then t rough theopenin;

inhead 7 or 9 into the atmosphere,

Upon the operation or sleeve 2S, inlet valves 36, by virtue of the 'act that lugs a projecting from said valves occupy notches 28a formed in the ends ot saidy sleeve, will lbe operated simultaneously so as to post tion oneA of said inlet valves so that the ports formed therein'are in register with yports formed in the corresponding stationary valve seat 35 and the steam or air can passvlrom` chamber 2 to one end oilcylinder 1'. The Vother of said inlet valves is move out of cooperative relation with itsystationary seat Brse that the openment of said arms ings formed in said inletV valve 36 and its respective seat 35 are. out of alignment with each other and the fluid cannot enter this end of cylinder l.

Simultaneously with the operation of intake valves 36a exhaust valves i0 are actuated. so that each one oit said exhaust valves cooperates with its correspondingintake valve, whereby when one of the intake valves 36 is opened, the corresponding exhaust valve l-O is closed, and vice versa. Exhaust valves a() are looselymounted on valve stems 29 and are operated by rocker arms il by means of lugs 40d which project outwardly from said valves and are disposed to each side of arms el and lie in the path oi' movement thereof. p Iiugs l-Oa are spaced trom each other a sutticient distance so that arm al. has a predetermined amount of lost motion With respect to valves 40, whereby said valves are actuated during the iinal move- V and receive snap action under the influence of springs 32.. IvVhen the springs 32 are compressed andv move past a position ot' dead-center, the energy stored therein Will cause the sleeve 28 to he rocked the remainder ot its intended distance, which is determined by the lugs or projections on the intake and exhaust valves, respectively. In the operation under consideration, the rearward movement or the piston will cause the exhaust valve at the rear endl of the cylinder to be closed, i. e.5 its ports, and thrown out of register with its valve seat and inlet or intake valve 35 at the rear end of the cylinder to be moved to a position Where its ports will be throivn into register Vwith its valve seat 86. The compressed air or steamivhich is admitted to the space around the cylinder 28 Will pass through the notches 28a and thus be enabled to pass through the registering openings of the .intake valve at the rear end of the cylinder7 then by virtue ot the pressure thus admitted at this point the piston will be caused to move forward. Coincidently with the reversal or the valves at th end of the cylinder occasioned by the piston reaching the limit of its rearward stroke, the valves at the forward end of the cylinder will likeivise be reversed because of the connection of the cylinder 28 therewith; so that the intake value will be closed and the exhaust valve opened when the piston starts on its forward movement, Upon leaching` the forward limit of its movement, the piston will engage the rocker" plate mounted on the forwa rd cylinder head to close the exhaust valve at the forward end ofi the cylinder and open. the intake valve at that ond and, through `the means above described, 'open the exhaust valve at the rear end ot the cylinder and close the intake valve at the rear endf The purpose of providing lost motion in the throw of the valves is to reduce the arc of their movement from an open to a closed position and at the same time give a greater arc of movement to enable the springs 32 to act in snapping the valve cylinder 2S from one position to another so that said springs may be operated eiliciently.

.3y the employment of my translating device for converting reciprocating motion into a rotary movement, it Will be observed. that dead centers are impossible, it making no difference Where the piston stops-the admission of pressure will cause the piston to move and start the shaft to rotating.

By providing a plurality of ports in the valves and arranging a lost motion between the valve operating the cylinder and the valves, the valves are moved a relatively short distance While the cylinder 28 operates through a greater arc of a circle, thus enabling` the springs to store up energy in passing over a dead-center position thereby effecting a quick snap action in opening and closing the valves. Furthermore, the valves being seated on the pressure side of the valve seats will be held by the pressure to their seats and be constantly ground in osition so that they Will have a tight lit at all times.

I do not in this application claim the means 'for converting the reciprocating motion of the piston into a rotary motion, as the same is shown and described in a companion application led by me November i4, 1919, Serial No. 338,068.

What I claim is:

i l. A motor comprising acylinderI` a reciprocating piston in said cylinder.` a valve chamber extending from one end of the cylinder to the other and communieating` With said cylinder and having intake and exhaust ports, means arranged Within said cylinder and operable by said piston. oscillating valves in said chamber arranged at each end of said cylinder for controlling said ports and initially actuated by said means and springs for holding said valves in their home positions.

motor comprising a cylinder, a reciprocating piston therein, a valve chamber communicating with said cylinder and the atmosphere, valve seats in said chamberf oscillating valves co-operating h said valve seats.. means for oscillating said valves, a sleeve arranged in said valve chamben connection including the sleeve for operatively interengaging said valves. and yielding means for imparting a snap oscillatory movement lo said sleeve after the valves have been initially moved by their main operating` mea-ns.

3. A motor comprising a cylini'lcr. a reciprocating piston` rocker plates mounted in said cylinder and actuated by the reciprocating piston, a valve chamber communieating with said cylinder, valve stems Withlilo l. l. O

`in said chamber, valve in said valve chamber, rocker arms fixed to said stems and in engagement with the rocker plates, and valves adapted to be actuated by said valve stems.

l. A motor comp-rising a cylinder and a piston in combination with a valve casing having a valve chamber, valve seats fixed in said chamber, atubular member supported stems carried by said tubular member, valves operatively mounted on said stems and (to-operating vvith said 'valve seats, rocher arms fixed to said valve stems and in engagement with *rocking mechanism ot said motor and roel;- ing` mechanism operated. by the motor for imparting rocking motion to said valves.

5. A motor comprising a cylimler, a reciprocating piston therein, cam projections on said piston, rocker plates yarranged at the ends ot said cylinder.r cam tace's on said plates and cooperating with the cam projections on the piston, whereby said rocking plates are caused to partially rotate at each stroke of the piston, and valve mechanism actuated b v said rocher plate.

6. A motor comprising a cylinder. a reciprocating` piston therein` a valve casing communicating with said cylinder and having intake and exhaust ports, oscillating intake valves in said valve casing and controlling the communication between the intake port and said cylinder, oscillating exhaust valves in said valve casing and controlling?,- communication between the exhaust ports and said cylinder, and means located VWholly Within said cylinder and valve casing for oscillating said valves in synchronism With said reciprocating piston.

'l'. A motor comprising a cylinder, a reciprocating piston therein, rocker plates in said cylinder and actuated by the piston, a valve casing` having` a valve chamber comniunicating With said cylinder and intake and exhaust ports, a tubular member arranged in said valve chamber, valve stems arranged in the ends oit said tubular member, valve seats {ixed in said chamber, valves cooperating; with said valve seats and adapted to be oscillated by the valve stemsl and the tubular member, rocher arms carried by the valve stems and in engagement With said rocher plates for imparting motion to said valve stems andtubularmember.

8. A motor comprising a cylinder, a reciprocating piston, rocher plates arranged at each end of said cylinder and actuated by the piston, a valve casing, valve mechanism in said casing which is oscillated by said rocker plates, an extension housing` arranged on said casing a lool-:ing` member carried by the valve mechanism and extending into said housing, a semi-spherical rocker seated in the upper end ot said extension housing and yielding means co-operating with said locking member and said rocker.

' ating said 9. A valve mechanism for motors comprising a cylindrical casing, a ed vvithin the casing, valve stems arranged in each end of the sleeve and movable longitudinally with respect thereto, a valve spring arranged Within the sleeve between the stems and bearing against said carried by the stems and by said spring pressure.

l0. A ralve mechanism for motors coniprising` aigj/ilindrical valve casing-,a cylinder mounted Within the casing and carrying loosely mounted valve stems at each end thereof, intake and exhaust valves arranged on said stems Aand having circumferential lost motion relative thereto, means 'for rocking said cylinder and operating said valves, means tor arresting said valves in their open and closed positions, and means co-operating with said cylinder to hold the same in its extreme positions.

1l. li motor 4comprising a cylinder, a reciprocating vpiston therein, a valve casing communicating with said cylinder and having intake and exhaust ports, valves in said casing for controlling said ports, means Yfor initially moving said valves, means i'or operatively interengaging said valves and plural elements cooperating with said valve cennection at ditlerent points to impart a snap action thereto andcomplete their movement.

12, A motor comprising a cylinder, a piston, and a valve casing,communicating With said cylinder and having intake and exhaust ports, valves in said valve casing, means arranged ivithin said casing for operatively interengaging said valves, means tor actuinterengaging means, said actuating means being arranged vvholly Within said cylinder and operable by said piston,` and spring-pressed members mounted in said casing and cooperating `with said interengaging means for imparting snap action to the valves and assisting in the final throvv thereof. 13. A motor comprising a cylinder, a piston and lvalve casing, oscillating valves in said casing, means for initially moving said valves, operating means having a lost motion connection with said valves, and means cooperating with said operating means tor impartin1 a snap action thereto to complete the movement of said valves.

lil. ln a motor, the combination of a cylinder, its piston, and valve casing, of an oscillating valve in said casing, oscillating mechanism tor said valve, means on the piston and located Wholly Within the cylinder Yfor actuating said oscillating mechanism Whereby said valve is partially rotated, and means located Wholly Within the valve casing for completing the oscillating movement ot said valve.

l5. ln a motor, the combination ot a cylinder, 'itspis-ton and valve casing, 0Ip oscillatstems, and valves held to their seats sleeve mounting valves arranged within said casing and provided with means cooperating with .said casing for determining the extreme throw of said valves, means for initially moving said valves, operating means having a lost motion connection with said valves, and yielding` means cooperating with said operating means for absorbing said lost motion and imparting a snap closing movement to said valves.

16. The combination with a reciprocating piston having a cam vprojection thereon, a rocking plate operable in the cam projection on said piston, a valve casing, a valve within the casing, and a connection between said rocking plate and said valve whereby the latter is caused to be moved in one direction.

17. ln a motor, the combination of a cylinder and piston, said piston having cam faces on its opposite sides, rocking plates at each end of faces alternately cooperate to rock said plates, a valve casing, valves mounted in said casing, means for interengaging, said valves whereby said valves are caused to oscillate in unison, and connections between said rocker plates and said valves whereby said valves are positively operated by the cam faces on the piston in opposite directions at each stroke of said piston from one end ot the cylinder to the other.

18. In a motor, the combination of a valve casing having ported seats, inlet and exhaust valves cooperating with said seats, means on each of said valves respectively for limiting their oscillating movement, an oscillating member, a valve stem carried by said membei-,one of said valves being loosely mounted on said valve stem and having a lost motion operative connection with said oscillating member and the other valve being loosely mounted on' said valve stem and having a lost motion connection therewith, and means for imparting snap movement to said oscil lating member.

19. 1n a motor, the combination of a valve casing having inlet and exhaust valves at its ends, means for limiting the oscillating n, tra

movement of said valves, a centrally arranged sleeve, valve stems carried by said sleeve, said inlet valves having lost motion operative connection with said sleeve, and said exhaust valves having lost motion operative connection with said valve stems, and means for oscillating' said stems and said sleeve and their controlled valves.

20. In a motor, the combination with a valve casing having inlet and exhaust valves at its ends, of means for limiting the oscillating movement of said valves, a centrally arranged sleeve, valve stems carried by said sleeve and having longitudinal movement with respect thereto, certain of said valves having lost motion operative connection with said sleeve, certain other of said valves having lost motion operative connection with said valve stems, a spring arranged within said sleeve and exerting pressure in opposite directions against said valve stems, thereby holding said valves to their seats, arms lined to said valve stems and adapted to be actuated to oscillate said valve stems and said sleeve, and means for imparting snap action to said sleeve.

21. In a motor, the combination with a valve casing having inlet and exhaust ports at its ends, oi a centrally arranged sleeve, valve stems carried by said sleeve and having` longitudinal movement with respect thereto, means in said sleeve for exerting pressure in opposite directions against said valve stems, inlet and exhaust valves loosely mounted on said valve stems and held in cooperative relation with said inlet and exhaust ports by the pressure exerted against said valve stems, arms fixed to said valve stems and adapted to receive rocking movement whereby said sleeve is osoillated, said inlet valves having lost motion operative engagement with said sleeve and said exhaust valves having lost motion operative engagement with said arms and means for imparting snap action to said valves.

In testimony whereof 1 hereunto aX m Y signature this 15th `day of April, 1919.

l/VILLIAM J. MACKLE. 

